What method can be used to improve animal genetics?

Artificial insemination (AI) is a highly effective method for improving animal genetics. This technique allows for the selection of superior genetic traits from a variety of breeding animals, even those located far away, thus broadening the genetic pool. By using AI, breeders can strategically introduce desirable genes into their herds or flocks without the need for physical breeding, enabling precise control over the genetic makeup of the offspring.

In addition to enhancing genetic diversity, AI reduces the risk of disease transmission that can occur with natural mating, as it involves the use of collected semen that has been screened for pathogens. This not only supports the health of the animals but also increases the likelihood of producing animals that possess better traits, such as growth rate, milk production, or disease resistance, which are essential for improving livestock quality and productivity.

Other methods, while they may contribute to genetic improvement, do not offer the same level of control or efficiency as AI. For example, natural selection relies on environmental factors to decide which animals reproduce, and crossbreeding with wild species can produce unpredictable results in terms of desirable traits. Additionally, the use of growth hormones focuses on enhancing growth rates rather than directly improving genetic traits.